peters



Unrrnn Srrrrns PATENT @union J. sninMnns, .or rAnnrAnM, runnsvnviinia.

Specification lforming part of Letters Patent No.. 58,1150, dated September 18, 186th` p exact description thereof, which will enable others .skilled in the art lto malte and use ithe same, reference being ,had .to the `accolngpan'yin g drawings, forming 'part` of this specification in which- Fig. 2. 2 is a -crosssection at y, l.

Fig. 3 is a perigphenical .viewof .the bod/y of .a

piston., which is ima-de elastic by .dividing `it into 4spiral divisions. Eig-4. is an axial sectionthercof, the cap-piece or stop Gr `and the guides I .having Abeen appliedthereto. Fig. 5 1 is an inverted view of the cap-piece G andi guides I.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

This invention consists, .among other things, in suspending or attaching the piston lof ai pump to its rod by means of a balland socketj joint in `contradistinotion from a rigid @or fixed joint, whereby the piston is allowed lateral playin the pump-cylinder, so that it can easily yield in .any direction when lthe `pump-tube or the cylinder is deflected from a right line.

l-talso consists in making1 the stop hollow and open, so that it will catch any rivets -or other t'oreign articles or .substances which may fall down the pump-tube, and prevent them from passing outside of the piston, no matter how small they may be. The said stop is also adjustable ou the spindle, so that its position may be changed to regulate the amount of inlet opening' into the piston.

The case or body of the piston is movable, and is placed loosely on a y spindle, and has radial wings, which guide it on the spindle.

The valve is an inverted cap, independent of the movable body of the piston, and screwed on the spindle below it.

The lifting of the movable case or 'body causes an inlet-opening to be formed between it and the fixedvalve B.

Vhen the piston is inverted it will answer as a standing,` valve. ln that case the cylindrical ibody A is lined and ithe spindle .and

valve In ove.

This .ooi-istruction .and arrangement .prevent cloggi-n g' from `sand an d inud, because the passages through the body ofl the .piston are always open, the placing `of .the .movable body or case of .the pis-ten loosely ou fitsspiudle Eenabling it to .turn thereon -an d dislodge thesand or iniud.

The piston herein ,described :has no bal-l Idr j .other valve inclosed `within it, but its valvular Figure l is an axial section of the piston of i a pump, the .plane'of section being seen at or, y.

'eh aracterisiowinglto thesmovemen ts of its body toward and ,away from the lower part of the piston, which is xed on asolid spi-ndlewhich passes centrally through ftheen tire pis-ton, such .fixed part performing the noffice rof :a val-ve, si-nce it closes the inlet to the piston;

`The letter Adesignates the case or body lof the piston. It isa hollow cylinder, open fat each end, and its sides `have nnmerousholes,

` J, which receive the wooden pegs with which fthe pacikingthere shown in red outline) ifsfastened. three or more radial wings, I, whose width is such `as to bring their edges close to the spindle C, on which the said tbody A is placed; but the win gs I do not come in close contact with the spindle, for the reason that the body A Iis' to i be free to rise and fall on `the spindle without hinderance from riction.

On the lower part or" the spindle is screwed the lower part, B, of the piston. It is entirely separate from the body A, and may be semispherical, `as here shown, or solid, if desired. It is secured at any desired vheight on 4the spindle by a jam-nut, H,or other suitable device. W'hen the `bodyA is raised the interior `or" the piston is` open to the access of oil or 4 other liquid from the well, and when it is down, y

in contact with the part B, the piston is closed. The part B therefore fulfills the office of a valve to the movable case A.

The extent of motion allowed to the ease A is determined by the position of the hollow cylindrical stop Gr on the spindle. This stop uhas a central hub, N, which screws upon the spindle above the piston, which'hnb is connected to the circumference of the stop by radial wings O. This stop is also held to its place on the spindle by a jam-nut, El.

The upper edge, D, of the stop along its cir From its inner circumference extend cum'erence is beveled inward in order to facilitate the entrance into it of any object which may fall from the top of the well or from the vton is lowered into a well it can adjust itself to the deflections in the pump-tube as it descends, and when it has reached its place in the cylinder vot the pump can adapt itself thereto and move easily therein without binding in case the cylinder is not perfectly straight with the pump-tube. An'y other free joint may be substituted -for the ball-and-socket joint.

When the piston is in operation in the pumpcylinder (here indicated by red lines) the stop G will strike with more or less force against the top ot' the movable case A, and both of them will beliable to become bruised and battered. In order to prevent such injuries I interpose a spring, L, between these parts, in this example placing a spring of spiral form around the spindle.

When any object falls into the well it will be l caught by the stop G, and so prevented from getting between the piston and the cylinder, being held in the stop or in the piston, if it falls therein from the stop, so that it can be recovered by merely drawing up the piston.

It will be Iobserved that this piston is not liable to become clogged or choked with sand or mud, its passages being plain and its rotary motion serving to dislodge any mud and also paraffine from the spindle by means of the Win gs I. The win 01s I also guide the movable part A of the spindle and hold it stnight thereon.

The movable case A may be made with elastic sides by makin ga spiral cut, K, through it from a point near its bottom up to, or nearly to,its top. One or more such spiralcuts may be made therein. In this example I have shown several, the number being according to the degree of strength and stiffness required in the spiral divisions formed by the cuts. Then the case A is made in this way I place the guides or wings I on the stop G, forming shoulders M thereon at the line where the wings I join the radial wings O of the stop.

These shoulders come in contact with the top y of the movable part A of the'piston.

My invention can be used also as a standing or lower pump-valve by inverting it. that case the ball F and coupling E are removed, and the stop Gr may or may not be made with an outer ring, as shown in Fig. l. One of its advantages and points of value as a standing or lower pump-valve is found in the application ot' the spring L, which partially closes the valve by drawing the valve B down toward the cylindrical body or case A after each lift of the piston, the only changes required in the arrangement of the parts being that the cylindrical case Ais iixed in the box ot' the pump, While the spindle with its valve B and stop G are movable.

The stop G enables one to increase or diminish the inlet-opening of this valve by altering its position on the spindle and thereby allowing the cylindrical case A to move a longer or shorter distance.

In cases where the invention is used for a standing box-valve the principle of action of the stop is the same, although the spindle will then be movable and the cylindrical part A fixed.

In Figs. 4C and 5 the cylindrical part of the stop G is left off, but its place is shown by red outline. When its cylindrical part is left off the upper edge of the cylinder A can be beveled, so as to direct falling objects into the cylinder.

In the operation ot the valve when used as a piston the liquid enters between the parts B A and passesv upward through the case A to the upper part ot' the pump-barrel, and thence into the pump-tube.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. Suspending the piston ot' a pump from the pump-rod by means of a ball-and-sockct ing them into the piston, substantially as described.

The above specification of my invention Y signed by me this 22d day of December, 1865.

J. W. SUMMERS.

Witnesses M. M. LIVINGSTON, C. L. TOPLIFF.

InY 

